House of the Dragon comes out swinging, putting the pressure on its swords and sandals fantasy rival, Lord of the Rings, to come correct!

Genre: TV – One Hour (Fantasy)
Premise: Tensions are high in the House of the Dragon, where the king awaits the birth of a new heir. But a series of unfortunate events force him into a contingency plan.
About: Does this show need any introduction? The Targaryen’s are back! Long live Westeros! Okay, I don’t know what either of those things mean but I’m trying to be a Game of Thrones fan here so give me a break!
Showrunners: Ryan Condal and Miguel Sapochnik
Writer of this episode: Ryan Condal
Details: 66 minutes

I remember all the way back to the Done Deal Screenwriting Message Board days when Ryan Condal (the showrunner for House of the Dragon) used to post on the site.

I didn’t know, at the time, that he was considered one of the more knowledgeable posters. I just remember coming across a response he made to another poster’s screenwriting question and thinking, “Whoa. This guy is on another level.”

I don’t even remember what the question was. I just remember how detailed and knowledgeable and assured his reply was. It was clear that he understood screenwriting at a level far beyond anyone else on the site.

So I’m not surprised that he’s made it this far, leading one of the biggest TV shows in history.

A show I wasn’t sure I was going to watch, by the way! I made it through about three seasons of Game of Thrones before there were more storylines I wasn’t interested in than there were storylines I was. It wasn’t like I quit via some declarative feet-stomping tirade. I just was never motivated enough to go back and watch again.

The fresh start that is House of the Dragon allowed me to come back to Westeros without having to worry about if I’d remember everything.

If you didn’t see it, the pilot follows a king named Viserys Targaryen. Viserys is under a lot of pressure to deliver a heir to his throne. Right now, all the family’s got are his young daughter, Rhaenyra, and his brother, Daemon. Due to her being a woman and him being crazy, neither are fit to take over the throne.

Luckily, Viserys’ wife, the Queen, is pregnant. And Viserys is convinced, due to a vivid dream, that his child will be a boy. While we wait for the birth, we engage in a jousting tournament that has Daemon cutting off horse’s legs to ensure he wins. And we have the troublemaking Rhaenyra riding around on her pet dragon.

Eventually, the Queen goes into labor (spoilers) and it’s a barn-burner of a delivery. She’s in immense pain. The baby won’t come out. It’s getting to point where a decision needs to be made. They cut the baby out manually, saving it and killing the Queen. Or they see what happens, in which case they might lose both. Viserys makes his choice, (bigger spoiler) which let’s just say doesn’t go well. This places Viserys in a precarious position. He must choose either Daemon or Rhenyra to succeed him.

Crazy bro, Daemon

Yesterday, I talked about how sloppy the writing was in She-Hulk.

Today, you see how big of a difference good screenwriting makes.

With She-Hulk, they were basically running a scam on the audience. They’re throwing a bunch of randomness on the page and hoping that the reader does the work for them, putting all the pieces together.

Here you can tell this pilot was meticulously crafted. There was purpose to every scene. The characters were all carefully introduced. The order of things was perfectly convceived and executed. Whether you liked the finished product or not, you can’t say there was a lick of laziness in the pilot. It’s that well executed.

One of the ways I identify good writing is through the big scenes. If your big scenes are great, the smaller stuff tends to be strong as well.

House of the Dragon builds its pilot around the Queen’s labor scene.  What’s important to note here is how carefully the scene was set up ahead of time. This isn’t just a, “I can’t wait to have a new kid” scene. Pillars have been propped up ahead of time to give this scene as much weight as possible.

Pillar 1: We’ve been told several times how important having a heir to the throne is.
Pillar 2: We’ve seen how important it is to Viserys that he have a son.
Pillar 3 We meet the crazy brother, Daemon, who wants to be king himself. We know Viserys having a son would take Daemon out of the picture.

In other words, the writer sets up high stakes for the labor scene so that when it arrives, we’re invested.

There was very little foresight in She-Hulk which is why it was incapable of creating a scene like this. You could see the writers hurriedly solving problems on the fly. Oh, we need to get Bruce’s blood inside Jennifer so she can become a Hulk. How do we do that? Uhhh, we could put them in a car crash. Okay, why are they in a car together? Uh, I don’t know. They’ve decided to hang out for the weekend? Okay, how does the crash happen? Ehhhh, maybe a spaceship causes it? What spaceship? Not important. We’ll just have it show up and distract her.

I mean, seriously??? This passes for professional screenwriting in 2022?? I’m embarrassed.

Meanwhile, because the labor scene was so well set up, we’re on the edge of our seats waiting to see what will happen. And the writers use one of the best bang-for-your-buck tricks in the business to climax the scene: A Sophie’s Choice. You can save your kid and lose your wife. Or you can do nothing and possibly lose both.

One of the best things you can do as a writer is place your character in a situation with high stakes and an impossible choice. Not a choice that’s weighed 55-45 in one side’s favor. A choice that’s truly 50/50. And that’s what House of the Dragon did.

That scene right there got me on for at least another three episodes. Knowing that that’s the writing bar they’re asking of themselves, I know I’m in good hands.

[Major Spoiler] Unfortunately for Viserys, things didn’t go as planned. He chose to save his baby instead of his wife. And his baby ended up dying too.

This set us up for the succession decision. Who does Viserys name as his successor? Daemon or Rhaenyra?

This was the only thing about the pilot I think they could’ve done a better job with. Unlike the labor decision, which was a true Sophie’s Choice, the succession choice was more of a 65/35 ordeal. It was clear that he was going to choose Rhaenyra. She’s smart. She’s behaved. She’s respected. What is the downside of her being chosen?

They try to float this idea that, because she’s a woman, the people will resist it. It’s unconvincing, though. Especially because we’ve been conditioned in movies and TV over the last decade to assume all female characters will kick butt. It’s a very popular choice among writers right now. So there isn’t the requisite doubt needed for us to assume anything other than Rhaenyra being chosen over Daemon.

What they probably should’ve done was make Rhaenyra more of a trouble-child. She does her own thing. She doesn’t always listen. That way, the choice would’ve been more difficult. But if you gave her those characteristics, her character starts to overlap with Daemon. He’s the troublemaker. Now you have two troublemakers? It’s lazy.

This is why screenwriting is so hard. Cause sometimes you have the solution to a problem but due to the particular makeup of your screenplay, you can’t use that solution.

What I also admire about Game of Thrones, in general, is that they’re unafraid to push storylines that make you feel uncomfortable. I think it’s important to make the reader uncomfortable at times because you want to keep them on edge! You don’t want them to feel too safe, especially in a show about fire-breathing dragons.

There’s a scene late in the pilot where the king’s weasle-y right-hand man, Otto, sees an opportunity to move up in the royal hierarchy after Viserys loses his wife. So the VERY SAME DAY AS THE WIFE’S FUNERAL, Otto sends his 15 year old daughter to Viserys and says to her, “Go make him feel comfortable. Be a shoulder for him to cry on.” The fact that this man would pimp out his own daughter to gain power is Game of Thrones in a nutshell. And I’m here for it.

House of the Dragon is another win for HBO, which continues to have the best TV writing in town. And it isn’t close.

[ ] What the hell did I just stream?
[ ] wasn’t for me
[xx] worth the stream
[ ] impressive
[ ] genius

What I learned: When you don’t have a lot of action in your story. When a lot of the entertainment comes from the drama between the characters, you should look to create a “Sophie’s Choice” every once in a while. An impossible choice attached to a high-stakes problem is one of the most compelling things an audience can watch. Just make sure that the choice is truly impossible. Don’t weight it so it’s clearly better to pick one option over the other.  Then it’s just Sally’s Choice, Sophie’s weaker lamer choice-sister.

Is Kevin Feige losing a handle on the quality of the MCU?

Genre: TV Show/Superhero
Premise: (from IMDB) Jennifer Walters navigates the complicated life of a single, 30-something attorney who also happens to be a green 6-foot-7-inch superpowered Hulk.
About: This series was created by Jessica Gao, which continues a recent Marvel trend of going with riskier and riskier showrunners. Up until this point, Gao’s biggest accomplishment was writing an episode of Rick and Morty. The show has had a strange press tour, with co-stars such as Jamella Jamil openly wondering, on social media, why her costume was so ugly. The show stars Orphan Black star Tatiana Maslany as the She-Hulk. The pilot was directed by Kat Coiro, who recently directed J. Lo in Marry Me.
Writer: Jessica Gao
Details: 35 minutes

Marvel is implementing the same genius strategy Lucasfilm implemented in the 90s whereby they took their IP and laid it directly on top of already proven video game genres.

Side-scroller? Add Star Wars characters. RPG? Add Star Wars characters. First-Person Shooter? Add Star Wars characters.

Marvel realizes they can utilize this same strategy with their television shows. They have an endless number of TV genres they can lay their brand on top of. Sitcoms? Wandavision. High-school comedy? Ms. Marvel. Legal One-Hour Drama? She-Hulk.

It’s a clever strategy and I hope that, as they tighten the screws and perfect the formula, it will work for them.

Unfortunately, She-Hulk is going to be seen as one of the early test-cases that didn’t work. The reason for that is simple. It prioritizes message over story. And the thing about message-pushing TV is, even if you agree with the message, you still feel the manipulation, which breaks the suspension of disbelief, and prevents you from enjoying the experience.

We’ll get to that in a second. But first, here’s a quick breakdown of Episode 1. A young attorney named Jennifer Walters tells us (as she talks straight to the camera) that she’s an attorney but she wants to catch you up on how she got here.

This jumps us into a flashback where Jennifer is hanging out with her cousin, Bruce Banner (as in The Hulk), when they get in a car crash. During this crash, Bruce’s blood leaks onto an open wound of Jennifer’s, which means Jennifer can now turn into a Hulk too!

So Bruce whisks her away to his own private island where he spends the rest of the episode training her in the ways of Hulkness. When he explains that she’ll need to train for 10+ years before rejoining society, she freaks out and says she only needs one week. Hey, it worked for Luke Skywalker. Why not her? (note: I came up with this analogy, not the writer. The writer isn’t nearly that clever).

Her reason for *why* she only needs a week may have been the single most miscalculated line in the history of television. Which I’ll get to in a bit. But, anyway, we jump back to the present, where Jennifer is finishing up a case in the courtroom when a female villain bursts into the room, cliffhanging us until the next episode.

So I went and watched some interviews about this show and what I learned was that they originally wrote the season so the origin stuff – Jennifer becoming She-Hulk – wasn’t revealed until the final two episodes. When they test-screened it, everybody was confused. You had this big green woman walking into courtrooms without any explanation as to why.

So they hurriedly rewrote the first episode as the “origin story,” where we learn how Jennifer turned into She-Hulk.

It’s for this reason that the first episode is so problematic. It feels rushed from the start. For example, Jennifer and Bruce are driving their car in the mountains and, out of nowhere, a spaceship arrives, which distracts Jennifer enough that she crashes. This spaceship is never mentioned again. We have no idea who it was or why it was there.

The writers then make one of the classic “I’m a newbie screenwriter” mistakes where Jennifer keeps passing out as a cheap way to move her from location to location. She passes out after the crash, which allows us to jump to Bruce’s lab. She passes out again during one of Bruce’s tests, which allows us to jump to Bruce’s secret island.

People don’t routinely black out. So, when you’re doing that, the reader reels from your laziness. It feels like the writer isn’t even trying.

From there, we get the “fun and games” section where the Hulks play around with each other, tossing boulders into the atmosphere. It gets kind of fun, except that there’s this growing “men just don’t understand” subtext permeating the story. If Bruce is explaining something about being a Hulk, Jennifer sees it as “mansplaining.”

It’s mostly in a jokey way. But that’s when the show hits us with the line that’s now gone viral and which will be the nail in She-Hulk’s coffin. Because what the line says is, “This is a message show. We’re going to be propping up one gender over another. And if you don’t like that, buh-bye.” Which is their prerogative but it’s a fast way to lose half your audience. And why in the world would you want to do that?

*Ahem* 🗣 Say it louder for the people in the back 🗣 #SheHulk #TatianaMaslany pic.twitter.com/EWd57xbehr

— IMDb (@IMDb) August 18, 2022

Jennifer explaining to Bruce why she’s better at being a Hulk than him

Being this on-the-nose about ANYTHING isn’t going to work. There’s also such a generalization here from the character – painting gender with such a broad brush – that it makes her look ignorant. Which, in turn, makes us not like her.

One of my favorite movies from a couple of years ago was The Invisible Man. That movie was about the dangers of some men being toxic. And it never had a scene like this. Where the heroine spouts out on-the-nose dialogue about the state of the male gender. If ever there was an attacking line, it attacked the individual, her ex-husband. Not every person on the planet with a penis. Yet the movie gets its message across 1000x better than She-Hulk.

It’s frustrating because I like the actress here. And I like the idea of a superhero version of Ally McBeal (which is getting a sequel btw, BECAUSE of this show). But the second the show decided it wanted to be exclusive instead of inclusive, it was done. They may double-down with a series renewel out of spite for the blowback they’re getting. But mark my words, this series is toast.

Kevin Feige has to be careful because he’s starting to lose touch.

We just saw Top Gun pass Avengers Infinity War at the domestic box office. What is Top Gun known for other than being a really great movie?

ZERO MESSAGE!

All it cared about was entertaining. And audiences were like, “FINALLY! We don’t have to be preached to. For once!”

“Nope,” the biggest major release message film of the year, made 100 million less than the studio was hoping for.

They/Them is getting destroyed by the very critics who are so desperate to prop it up.

People are sick of the preaching. Yet She-Hulk is ready and willing to not only die on that hill, but become a martyr on it.

The thing is, there are ways to push messages and get the audience on your side. One way is to take the piss out of the preaching. When Jennifer says, “Men are toxic and the patriarchy is in charge and blah blah blah,” have Bruce say something like, “Okay, calm down there, Don Lemon.” Have more fun with it instead of slamming us over the head with a hammer, implying that if we don’t weep for Jennifer, we’re bad.

Unfortunately, even if this wasn’t an issue with She-Hulk, the writing isn’t strong enough to have saved it. We can see that right from the start. Jennifer turns to the camera and starts explaining things to the audience. This is fine. Breaking the 4th Wall has been done forever and is a legitimate creative option.

But then she refers to what she’s in as a “legal show.” In others, she goes beyond the fourth wall to the fifth wall. She’s not just talking directly to the audience. She’s telling you that this thing she’s a part of? She’s just an actor in it. They might as well have turned the camera to show the crew shooting the shot. That’s how little they care about creating an illusion.

It’s sloppy. It’s a cop-out. It gives them an excuse to be lazy cause now their hero can say stuff like, “Sorry for that lame scene! We didn’t have a lot of time to write it! Zoinks!”

Between that and the random spaceship and the blackouts and the over-the-top messaging – this is just a poorly written show. The only reason it seems halfway professional is because of all the money they spent on it. But from a writing perspective, it’s hackneyed and should be used as an argument to reestablish some quality control at the Marvel headquarters.

[x] What the hell did I just watch?
[ ] wasn’t for me
[ ] worth the stream
[ ] impressive
[ ] genius

What I learned: What a lot of writers don’t realize is that when you preach, you literally achieve the OPPOSITE of what you were trying to do. We see you’re trying to insert a message into our head, which makes us resist the message. Instead, sell your message through SHOWING as opposed to telling. By showing us just how psychotic and obsessed the ex-husband was in The Invisible Man, we received the deeper message about male toxicity invisibly.

If you’re an aspiring professional writer, this question is probably a familiar one:

What if you’re just not good enough?

I’m here to tell you that this question shouldn’t scare you. It should invigorate you. Because all it means is that you’re an artist. To be an artist is to doubt yourself. It’s baked into the cake.

Of course, that doesn’t help you in the moment, when you get word that your script didn’t advance past the first round of a screenplay competition. Or you send your script to a friend for feedback and they tell you, as nicely as possible, that it blows chunks.

In those moments, it’s impossible not to wonder if you’re good enough.

Let me alleviate some of that fear right off the bat.

Almost all doubt is b.s.

If it was real, the second you achieved something, the doubt would stop. It would say to you, “I’m sorry, I was wrong. You’re definitely good enough. My bad.”

When you make the Black List for the first time, you will ask yourself, “Do I belong here?” When you sell your first script for a million dollars, you will ask yourself, “Was it a fluke?” When you get your first big studio credit, you will ask yourself, “Am I an imposter?”

I know a very famous screenwriter, someone who’s arguably in the top 10 most successful screenwriters of the last 30 years – and even he expressed to me that he thinks, “Have I lost touch?” “Do I not know what audiences want anymore?”

I tell you this so that you see doubt for what it really is – a leech that thinks it’s doing you a favor by lowering your expectations so you don’t get upset when something doesn’t go right. You’re an artist. Therefore, you will always doubt yourself on some level and THAT’S OKAY.

What’s not okay is allowing the doubt to control you. Writers, by and large, are introverts. They live in their heads. This is extremely dangerous when things aren’t going well because the writer will start asking the question, “Am I good enough?” And it will loop. “Am I good enough?” “Am I good enough?” “Am I good enough?”

If you don’t put a stop to that loop, perception becomes reality. You aren’t good enough because you’ve convinced yourself you aren’t good enough. And that’s when the true damage sets in. The less you believe in yourself, the less you’ll write. The less you’re writing, the less chance you’ll write the thing that catapults you to the next level.

So while the question, “What if I’m not good enough?” will always be there, it shouldn’t dictate your belief in yourself or your writing output.

I remember resisting starting Scriptshadow because I didn’t think I was a good enough writer. I’d read a million articles in newspapers and magazines and I didn’t think of myself as someone who could match that level of professionalism. I wrote in a sort of goofy informal manner, the exact opposite of what “professional” writers did, and that nearly prevented me from starting the site.

In the end, I tricked myself by labeling the site “non-professional.” If the site itself was non-professional, then I didn’t need to be professional. It did the job and in the intervening years, I learned that professionalism, while important, wasn’t the whole ball of wax. There were other factors that make you a good writer like your writing style, your sense of humor, your ability to entertain, your point-of-view. All of these things could bridge the gaps you have in your writing.

I’m embarrassed to admit that when I started the site, I did not know that you always put quotes AFTER the punctuation. But had I convinced myself that I wasn’t good enough to start the site, I never would’ve learned that and fixed it.

Probably the biggest reason this question comes up is time. When you’ve been writing for a long time and nothing’s come of it, it’s hard to identify any reasons to continue other than blind faith. And while blind faith works for the first couple of years, it seems to depreciate exponentially every year thereafter.

Every rejection seems to reinforce that you weren’t cut out for this line of work. And since most writers don’t have a support network, they eventually fall victim to the negative voice in their head telling them that their pursuit is a waste of time.

But you know what I think?

I think that’s bull$hit.

The reason being: You can always get better.

Always.

There are hundreds of little things in screenwriting you can do that, once you learn, your screenwriting gets better. So as long as you’re constantly making those little 1% improvements here and there, you’re raising your overall ability as a screenwriter.

Maybe you write twenty practice scenes where the only thing you focus on is building conflict into the scene, so that your scene-writing becomes more entertaining. If you do that, you’re going to write lots more conflict-heavy scenes in your scripts, and I guarantee it will make them more entertaining.

Or when you write your next draft, focus on losing one line from every action paragraph. That will ensure your script is more lean, and therefore, faster to read.

Do a deep dive one month where you watch your 20 favorite movie characters and write down what it is about each character that you like so much. Take that research, identify the commonalities between the characters, then start writing protagonists with those qualities into your own scripts so that your main characters are better.

I’ve got 1000 “What I Learneds” on the site. Go through them all and use them as prompts for screenwriting practice. As long as you’re always learning something new each time you write, you’re improving. Therefore, it’s only a matter of time before your writing reaches a professional level.

It’s the writers who keep making the same mistakes, the writers who don’t seek out criticism, who will stay at the same level. And, yes, if you aren’t constantly trying to improve, then you probably will never be “good enough.” The landscape is too competitive not to be improving. Luckily, improvement is within your control.

I tell writers all the time during a consult: “This is what you’re doing wrong.” I’m very clear about it because I’ve found, over the years, that if I sugarcoat it, they don’t think it’s as big of a deal as it is. So I make it clear: don’t do this anymore. Yet they come back to me with another script a year later and they’re making the exact same mistake.

For example, they’ll be very obvious and clumsy when writing exposition. So I’ll go through the exposition and explain why it’s clumsy. I’ll explain how to write it so it isn’t clumsy. And yet, when the next script shows up, I see clumsy exposition again.

I understand that we don’t always grasp concepts the first time we hear them. But for a lot of aspiring writers, there seems to be an, almost, willful ignorance about these concepts. They either don’t think they’re as big of a problem as they are or they think that they’re special somehow, and that this particular issue doesn’t apply to them.

I know writers on this site who I want to shake and scream, “YOU KEEP MAKING THIS SAME MISTAKE! YOUR WRITING WOULD BE SO MUCH BETTER IF YOU JUST CHANGED THIS ONE THING!” For some of these writers, I’ve told them this! And yet the same mistakes are still there. And it baffles me. Cause I’ve led you to water. But you still have to be the one to drink.

What I’m saying is, any question regarding whether you’re good enough or not, is usually self-inflicted. You can have the goods if you’re willing to do the work. But if you’re stubborn, if you think your way is the only way, if you’re ignorant, if you don’t think it’s as big of a deal as I do, if you don’t have an “improvement” mindset – you’re going to be stuck in that “almost-pro” tier forever.

And I already know some users will decry this and say success still comes down to those who get lucky. Look, luck plays a part in everyone’s life. But luck favors the people who are ready for the luck to strike them. It doesn’t operate randomly. If some producer is reading Scriptshadow and sees an Amateur Showdown script that they decide to read a few pages of — that producer is not going to buy the script just because. They’re going to buy it because the script is good. And the script was good because the writer did the hard work, kept improving, until their writing was at a professional level.

What I’m saying is, you are good enough.

I truly believe that.

Outside of a tiny percentage of people who don’t have any sort of knack for writing, you are good enough. But you have to be constantly improving if you’re to have any chance at success. So please, always be seeking criticism. You need to know what your weaknesses are so you can fix them. Always be improving some aspect of your writing. Always be open to there being a better way than the way you’re doing it now.

There’s no way you can’t get to the top if you’re always improving. Period. The only way you won’t get there is if you stop. And 99% of writers either stop writing or stop trying to improve. Don’t let that be you.

Happy writing this weekend!

$150 OFF A SCRIPTSHADOW SCREENPLAY CONSULTATION! – To the first person who e-mails me at carsonreeves1@gmail.com with the subject line: “150.”  I have a 4 page notes package or a more detailed 8 page option designed to both fix your script and improve your writing.  I also give feedback on loglines (just $25!), outlines, synopses, first acts, or any aspect of screenwriting you need help with. This includes Zoom calls discussing anything from talking through your script to getting advice on how to break into the industry.  If you’re interested, e-mail me at carsonreeves1@gmail.com and let’s set something up!  

Genre: Period
Premise: The true story of the first and only African Samurai in feudal Japan who rose from being a slave for the Jesuits to fighting as a Samurai in the unification of Japan.
About: Screenwriter Stuart Paul sold this project to MGM back in 2019. He also sold a spec around that time called “Terminal Point,” to Universal. Don’t know what that one’s about but the title sounds cool so if you’ve got it, send it my way!
Writer: Stuart Paul
Details: 121 pages

Period pieces.

What happened to them!?

They used to be a Hollywood staple.

I’m guessing it’s Marvel’s fault. I mean, samurais used to be bada$$, right?! These days? They’re superheroes without powers. And who wants that?

Not to mention, period pieces require patience in a world that no longer has any. So that might be why it’s so hard to push these through the system these days. Let’s see if Stuart Paul’s period piece is good enough to get made.

It is the late 1500s. Iosufe, 25 years old, is minding his own business in his home country of Mozambique when Portuguese warriors swoop into his village and brutally slaughter everyone, including his two children. Iosufe is then separated from his wife and thrown on a boat, sent to far off lands to be a slave.

Eventually, he meets Valignano, a Spanish aristocrat who is spreading the word of God across the world. Valignano has never seen a man as enormous as Iosufe, and so makes him a de facto bodyguard. Through Valignano, Iosufe starts to become educated and cultured.

After many months, the two hop on a boat to the Far East. The last place to conquer for Christianity is Japan, so Valignano sails there and begins his mission. The only problem is that there’s this guy named Nobunaga who is trying to take Japan from the current Emperor. And if he becomes Emperor, he will likely put an end to Christianity.

So Valignano and Iosufe travel to his city to negotiate with him. When Nobunaga sees the physical specimen that is Iosufe, he becomes obsessed with him. Seeing this, Valignano gifts Iosufe to Nobunaga in the hopes of gaining political favor from him. For the time being, at least, Nobunaga promises not to take over Japan.

Nobunaga immediately calls for Iosufe to be trained in the ways of the samurai, something the rest of the samurai aren’t so keen on. But after several trials, Iosufe, who Nobunaga renames, “Yasuke,” (meaning, “Idiot”), becomes a samurai.

Nobunaga then brings his army to the last major opponent between him and the Emperor, where Yasuke proves his worth by leading the charge and taking over the city. But after he learns that the women and children of the village will be slaughtered, and he will lead it, he must ask the question, has he become the very man who destroyed his own life? With renewed purpose, he plans his escape in the hopes of finding his wife and reuniting with her.

When you write a script like this, there are two things you must get right.

1. There must be sophistication to your writing.
2. You must be entertaining.

By sophistication I mean you must have a deep knowledge of the subject matter. You must write with specificity. You must write with discipline. The dialogue has to sound like people speaking back during that time. And there’s no room for messiness. Yesterday’s script, the Michael Bay comedy biopic, had endless room for messiness. These scripts don’t tolerate it, though. They must possess a novel-like attention-to-detail.

Ironically, if a writer can excel at the first thing, they tend not to excel at the second one (write entertainingly). This is because the writers drawn to this subject matter prioritize authenticity so heavily that they forget it doesn’t matter  unless the script is entertaining.  They’d rather accurately describe the architecture of Rome than write a baller conflict-heavy dialogue scene between the hero and the villain.

Yasuke gets an 8 out of 10 in the sophistication department and a 6 out of 10 in the entertainment department. Which averages out to a solid 7 out of 10.

On the plus side, the writer gets the main character right. It’s hard not to root for someone whose kids are brutally murdered in front of him (and when I say brutally, I mean brutally), whose wive is taken away from him, and who becomes a slave. I mean, if you’re not rooting for Yasuke, there’s something wrong with you.

But then the script runs into a unique problem. Our main character has zero agency over his journey. He’s a slave. So he’s not making any decisions. He’s not being active. He’s just following others around and doing what they say. This makes for a frustrating reading experience because whenever a big moment arrives, it’s whoever’s leading Yasuke that makes the decision, while Yasuke just stands there and nods.

I suppose the argument against this is, “Well, he’s a slave. Slaves can’t lead or it would defeat the point.” I understand that. But then you have to ask, was it the right call to write the script in the first place? Cause it was you who wrote a movie where your hero’s situation necessitated that they stay passive the whole time.

It’s not that Yasuke doesn’t have some great moments in this. He does. Heck, he fights a ninja. And he has this killer sword battle with his rival at the end. But these moments combine to make up, maybe, 7% of the movie. The other 93%, Yasuke is standing around, either watching or listening to people more decorated than him make decisions.

The script still does a lot of things well. One of the issues I commonly run into in scripts with tribes is that we’ll start the movie off with a hunt. The characters, and our hero, then kill the animal they’re hunting. A good portion of your audience isn’t going to love meeting your hero as an animal killer. Some people don’t care about this, obviously. But it’s dangerous in the sense that the audience is forming the majority of their opinion about your hero during their opening scenes. So if you want to make that character likable, you have to take that into consideration.

“Yasuke” had a clever solution to this. They had a lion kill a bunch of Yasuke’s cattle. So, now, when Yasuke and his tribe went off to kill the lion, they’re not just killing an animal for sport or food, they’re killing it for revenge. I noticed how much more I was rooting for them to take down the lion for that reason. So they showed how capable our hero was on a hunt, all without making him barbaric or heartless.

The writer also does a good job of keeping the plot going despite an elongated time frame of 5 years. The trick with this is to keep introducing goals.

-Now we have to go to Japan.
-Now we have to start a church.
-Now we have to convince the Emperor’s rival not to attack him.
-Now we have to take down Nobunaga’s rival.

The plot always had purpose. And as soon as one goal was reached, it was replaced with another. When readers complain about a “lack of momentum” or “weak pacing,” this is often what they are talking about.  Writers aren’t staying on top of their hero’s goals.

The script reminds me a bit of that old Tom Cruise movie, The Last Samurai. It has just enough going on to keep us invested. But, in the end, it still feels like a movie you should see and not one that you want to see. It’ll make a great trailer. But I’d put the ceiling at ‘worth the read.’

[ ] What the hell did I just read?
[ ] wasn’t for me
[x] worth the read
[ ] impressive
[ ] genius

What I learned: The gap between your hero’s last accomplished goal and announcement of his next goal is where boredom gestates. So if Yasuke’s goal is to kill a rival bad guy, and he goes and kills him, that character goal has now concluded. Let’s say the next character goal is to escape Nobunaga. If you wait 15 pages after Yasuke killed Rival Bad Guy to announce that he plans to escape Nobunaga, your script will have 15 pages of stasis. You are not moving forward. You are staying in place. Stasis is where boredom sets in. So try to eliminate any of these gaps in your script.

Someone once said that the key to becoming successful in life is mastering the ability to delay instant gratification for long-term benefit.

In other words, if someone handed you 100 bucks, would you spend it all right now? Buy that video game you’ve been jonezing to play? Celebrate with a wild night out of drinking? Head over to farfetch.com and snag that fly pink polo you know you’d look great in?

Or do you put it in a savings account, let it accumulate interest over the years with all the rest of the money you’ve strategically saved, so that when it comes time to buy a house, or send your kids to college, you have more than enough in the bank?

I think there are benefits to both options. Sure, if you spend the money now, you don’t have it in the future. But in a world where happy memories are, arguably, more valuable than anything else, including money, who’s to say that spending that money today on a good time is a bad idea?

With that said, being 60 and broke ain’t the coolest thing either.

This debate is not limited to money. Do you do a fun low-paying job now as opposed to a boring high paying job that will set you up for later? Do you date the young crazy-fun partner now or do you find a mate who, while not as exciting, is more stable and good for you in the long run? These aren’t the easiest questions to answer.

You’re probably wondering why I’m bringing this up.

It’s because writing a screenplay brings up a similar dilemma. Do you try and write the best possible story for the moment, always keeping the script exciting on every page, knowing that you risk the screenplay burning out? Or do you stoke a reserved fire and pace yourself in the hopes that the larger story experience is more rewarding?

To answer this question, I want to talk about two screenplays I’ve read over the years.

The first is one I read a few years ago. The script was a sort of Quentin Tarantino inspired story that involved over-exaggerated characters and a lot of dialogue. And it was GREAT. The characters were all fun. The scenes were long with lots of tension-filled dialogue. It was a really enjoyable read.

What made this particular script such a shocking discovery was that the writer had sent me another script five years earlier and I had privately labeled it one of the worst scripts I’d ever read. It was a quasi biopic comedy about a famous person that, to be frank, was more boring than waiting for water to boil.

When I found out that the same writer had written both scripts, I had to know what he did with the latest script that he hadn’t done with the earlier one. And his answer surprised me. He said that with the first script, he’d carefully mapped out the story and was trying to weave a theme in there and write a traditional three-act movie. But with the second script, he hadn’t even intended to write a movie. Instead, he wanted to practice his scene-writing and write a series of scenes that were entertaining on their own.

He wrote four or five of these scenes before he realized, maybe I can connect these and turn them into a movie. However, even after he started connecting the scenes, he still wrote the rest of the script in the same fashion – just trying to write great scenes.

I was fascinated by this answer because what he was effectively saying was that, with this script, all he was trying to do was write a compelling scene in the moment. He was trying to entertain the reader immediately, with no plans of making a larger story work. He was the equivalent of the guy who spent his 100 dollars right away.

I didn’t put too much stock into this at first. Cause the way I saw it, this was a writer who’d had five more years to get better since his previous screenplay. Maybe he just got much better at writing in general and would’ve written a good script regardless of how he approached it.

But then, around a year later, a producer asked me if Tyler Marceca’s “The Disciple Program” was available cause he wanted to see if he could buy the rights and do something with it.

This got me thinking about The Disciple Program and I remembered the circumstances by which the script was written. It was written for a screenwriting contest (I think it was First Draft’s contest) and they had a very unique contest structure. Each week, you would send in 10 pages of your screenplay and a contest reader would give you notes on those pages to help you craft the next 10 pages. And then the next 10 pages. And so on and so forth.

What this did was force Tyler to only focus on making the current 10 pages as good as possible. Because he couldn’t, for example, write some slower setup scene that was going to get paid off on page 75. There was no reward to setting something up that the reader wouldn’t be able to read for another 8 weeks. So instead, Tyler focused on writing 10 really freaking exciting pages. And then 10 more exciting pages. And then 10 more exciting pages.

He basically wrote a series of ten really exciting 10-page segments.

Naturally, you can see the connection here. Just like the Quentin Tarantino writer, Tyler was focusing on entertaining the reader here and now as opposed to carefully crafting a longer, more deliberate, story.

I think you guys know where I’m going with this.

I’m a believer that you should spend that 100 dollars every 10 pages, instead of saving it all for your climax.

Obviously, there are challenges to this approach. Such as maintaining momentum when every section of your script has to be great. But it’s doable. Tyler’s script was a non-stop action ride. But the first script I mentioned was almost entirely dialogue. The writer just knew how to build up conversations in an exciting tension-filled way. For example, we’d know going into a scene, that Character 1 was planning to kill Character 2, but Character 2 didn’t know that. So there was dramatic irony and tension building during their conversation as we eagerly anticipated the attempted assassination.

And this is not to say you should throw out any pre-construction of your story. I’m not saying never plan your screenplay again.

But this approach does necessitate you do more organization on the back end. The idea is that you write for the moment all the way through your first draft. And then, once you see what you have, you use subsequent drafts to pull all those separate pieces together.

Can EVERY screenplay be written like this? I don’t know but I suspect not. For example, I don’t think you can take something like Lord of the Rings – which has an immense amount of backstory and exposition that needs to be conveyed – and just try to write that in the moment. Movies like that need more planning.

But I do think this strategy can work for most screenplays. And it has a precedent for working. I’m a big believer in The Sequence Approach, which is the process of breaking your screenplay down into eight mini-movies and trying to write eight of the best mini-movies you can. This 10-page approach just tightens that up a bit. Eight sequences in a 110 page script amounts to roughly 13.5 pages each. So you’re cutting that down by 3.5 pages to 10 pages each.

And just to be clear, there are no hard-and-fast rules here. If one of your sequences is 8 pages and the next is 12, that’s fine. The main thing is you’re writing for the here and now. You’re writing roughly 10 pages where your only objective is to make those pages impossible to put down. Put yourself in the reader’s head. Could they be bored by this? If the answer is yes, erase, go back to where it started getting boring, and write something better.

Keep in mind also that you’re writing a SPEC SCRIPT. A spec script does not operate by the same rules as a greenlit Hollywood movie. A greenlit Hollywood movie has the script written in-house. They can have a couple of slow-moving scenes because nobody’s judging the script. They’re all working together. When you’re writing on spec, you’re not working for anyone yet. You’re trying to write something good enough so that Hollywood will allow you to work for someone. For that reason, your script has to be more consistently entertaining than a Hollywood movie. I know it’s not fair but those are the rules, bub.

If you’re curious about what script did this better than any script I’ve ever read, look no further than Source Code.  If you only ever saw Source Code the movie, you may think that’s a bold statement. But that original script was pretty much designed to be written the way I’m talking about today.  So check it out…

Link: Source Code Original Draft!

By the way, you can still plan your story ahead of time. This is not an excuse to never outline. But when you sit down and write, you need to prioritize entertainment over everything else. If it comes down to you following your outline but your outline idea for the scene is boring? You need to throw away your outline and write something the reader can’t put down. That’s what Tyler did. That’s what the Tarantino writer did. That’s what Ben Ripley (Source Code) did.  And that method produced three great screenplays. Why shouldn’t you take advantage of this approach as well?

Are you looking for help on your latest screenplay? – Let someone who’s read over 10,000 scripts help you.  I have a 4 page notes package or a more detailed 8 page option designed to both fix your script and improve your writing.  I also give feedback on loglines (just $25!), outlines, synopses, first acts, or any aspect of screenwriting you need help with. This includes Zoom calls discussing anything from talking through your script to getting advice on how to break into the industry.  If you’re interested, e-mail me at carsonreeves1@gmail.com and let’s set something up!